Numbering Code	U-ECON00 20501 LJ45	Year/Term	2022 ・ First semester
Number of Credits	2	Course Type	Lecture
Target Year	From 2nd to 4th year students	Target Student
Language	Japanese	Day/Period	Mon.1
Instructor name	MOROTOMI TORU (Graduate School of Economics Professor)
Outline and Purpose of the Course	The purpose of this lecture is to learn the basics by systematic lectures on finance from the economics perspective in a manner that can be understood by beginners, no matter which department they are from, according to the textbook. The content is as described, and it covers almost all major topics of finance. 　With "globalization" as the keyword, the course will introduce cutting-edge issues facing Japanese public finance and the latest knowledge to solve them.
Course Goals	This lecture will offer an easy understanding of the relationship between finance, economy, and society. In addition, it provides an understanding of what a fiscal system to us--the seemingly distant fiscal system is, in fact, closely related to our lives--and the analytical and comprehension skills to best understand modern society.
Schedule and Contents	[1] "Public Finance and Public Finance in Modern Japan" 1. The Current State of Japanese Public Finance 2. Japan's Financial Crisis and Sustainability of the Fiscal System 3. What should Public Finance consider? [2] "What is the role of the State?" 1. State, Market, and the Civil Society 2. What is the Economic Function of the State?　3. Choosing the Economic Purpose and Social Values of the State [3] "Development of Expenses and Social Change" 1. Theory of Public Goods 2. Historical and institutional analysis of expenses [4] Public Investment, Fiscal Reform, and Transformation of Industrial Structure 1. What is Public Investment? Public Investment and Social Capital 3. Rise and Fall of the "National Land Policy" 4. Breaking Away from "Dependence on Public Investment" and Fiscal Reform-- Fiscal Reform in Nagano Prefecture [5] "Social Security and Cost Sharing System" 1. The Financial Scale of Social Security 2. Welfare State Model and Cost Sharing System 3. Social Security System and Cost Sharing Principle in Japan [6] "Social Security: Pensions, Medical Care, Nursing, and Welfare" 1. Pensions 2. Medical 3. Nursing 4. Welfare 　 [7] Basic Theory of Modern Taxation and Income Tax 1. Why do we pay taxes? 2. Historical changes in Tax Structure 3. Theory and Practice of Comprehensive Income Tax 4. Progressive Taxation and Income Redistribution caused by taxation 5. Effect of income tax on labor supply 6. The Future of Income Tax [8] Consumption Tax and Property Tax 1. Consumption Tax System 2. VAT 3. Property Tax [9] "The Fate of Globalization and Corporate Tax" 1. What is a legal entity? 2. Basis of Corporate Taxation 3. Corporate tax as "Policy Taxation" 4. Economic Globalization and Corporate Tax 5. Globalization and Implications for Corporate Tax Reform in Japan: Lessons from Germany [10] "Cross-border Taxation" 1. Globalization, Tax Avoidance, Tax Havens 2. What is Global Tax? 3. Challenge of "EU Financial Transaction Tax" as a Global Tax 4. Global Governance and Fiscal Democracy [11] "Sustainable Development and Financial Systems" 1. "Sustainable Development" and Finance 2. Theory and Practice of Environmental Tax 3. Japan's Global Warming Tax 4. Environmental Policy as an Investment Policy [12] Decentralization and Intergovernmental Financial Relations 1. Theory of Intergovernmental Financial Relations 2. Intergovernmental Tax Source Allocation Theory and Japan's Local Tax System 3. Theory and Practice of Intergovernmental Grants - National Treasury Expenditures and Local Allocation Taxes - 4. From Trinity Reform to Further Decentralization Reform [13] Public Debt and Sustainability of Japanese Finance 1. Basic knowledge of government bonds 2. Macroeconomic Effects of Bonds 3. Who will bear the bonds? 4. Sustainability of Japanese Finance and Fiscal Reform 5. Fusion of monetary policy and fiscal policy [14] "Fiscal Democracy and Budgeting" 1. Fiscal Democracy and Budgeting 2. How to understand budgets 3. Budget Cycles and Principles of Budgeting 4. Fiscal Reconstruction and Budget Reform 5. Reform of the Governing System and Financial Democracy [15] "The Future of the Fiscal System" 1. From "Public Investment State" to "Sustainable Social Investment State" 2. What should the State invest in? 3. What is a "Social Investment State?" 4. Transition to "Knowledge Economy" and Conversion of Fiscal Policy 5. The financial system of the 21st century state
Evaluation Methods and Policy	Evaluation through final exam
Course Requirements	None
Study outside of Class (preparation and review)	Prepare for the class through the textbook content, and review the lecture notes.
Textbooks	Textbooks/References	植田 和弘/諸富徹【編】 "テキストブック現代財政学" (有斐閣) 2015年
References, etc.	諸富徹 "財政と現代の経済社会" (放送大学教育振興会)